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Author: José Miguel Ors Zarzoso
Criminologist

This article examines the structural, operational, and political challenges of Israel's counterterrorism strategy from a criminological, geopolitical, and legal perspective. Through a comprehensive analysis, it identifies internal threats such as radicalization, social division, and ideological violence, as well as external threats from state and non-state actors, highlighting the conflict with Hamas, the military pressure from Hezbollah and Iran, and the instability in Syria.

The study also analyzes the impact of factors such as disinformation, institutional erosion, and the social and economic tensions stemming from protracted conflicts. It argues that military responses, while legitimate under international humanitarian law, are insufficient without a prevention strategy based on social justice, education, and community cohesion.

Finally, a critical review of the Israeli security model is proposed, highlighting the need to integrate criminological tools, improve institutional management, and strengthen strategic communication to preserve the internal and external legitimacy of the State in an asymmetric and constantly changing environment.

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